2d 4d ratio motor skill jamaica1/3/2024 ![]() ![]() Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 31, 634–643 First citation in article Crossref, Google Scholarīem, S.L., Martyna, W., Watson, C. Sex role adaptability: One consequence of psychological androgyny. ![]() Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 33, 48–54 First citation in article Crossref, Google Scholarīem, S.L., Lewis, S.A. Sex typing and the avoidance of cross-sex behavior. Signs, 8, 598–616 First citation in article Crossref, Google Scholarīem, S.L., Lenney, E. Gender schema theory and its implications for child development: Raising gender-aschematic children in a gender-schematic society. Psychological Review, 88, 354–364 First citation in article Crossref, Google Scholarīem, S.L. Gender schema theory: A cognitive account of sex typing. Palo Alto, CA: Consulting Psychological Press First citation in article Google Scholarīem, S.L. Bem Sex-Role Inventory: Professional manual. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 37, 1047–1054 First citation in article Crossref, Google Scholarīem, S.L. Theory and measurement of androgyny: A reply to the Pedhazur-Tetenbaum and Locksley-Colten critiques. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 45, 196–205 First citation in article Crossref, Google Scholarīem, S.L. On the utility of alternative procedures for assessing psychological androgyny. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 42, 155–162 First citation in article Crossref, Google Scholarīem, S.L. The measurement of psychological androgyny. Personality and Individual Differences, 39, 459–468 First citation in article Crossref, Google Scholarīem, S.L. Do differences in sex hormones affect handwriting style? Evidence from digit ratio and sex-role identity as determinants of the sex of handwriting. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 48, 1218–1226 First citation in article Crossref, Google Scholarīeech, J.R., Mackintosh, I.C. Relation between testosterone concentration, sex role identity, and personality among females. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall First citation in article Google Scholarīaucom, D.H., Besch, P.K., Callahan, S. American Anthropologist, 1, 51–76 First citation in article Crossref, Google Scholarīandura, A. Biological Psychology, 68, 215–222 First citation in article Crossref, Google Scholarīaker, F. Finger length ratio (2D:4D) correlates with physical aggression in men but not in women. Personality and Individual Differences, 33, 1115–1124 First citation in article Crossref, Google Scholarīailey, A.A., Hurd, P.L. A preliminary investigation of the associations between personality, cognitive ability, and digit ratio. Thus, the assumption of nationality-related between-population differences does not seem to account for the inconsistent results on the relationship between 2D:4D ratio and gender-role orientation.Īustin, E.J., Manning, J.T., McInroy, K., Mathews, E. In none of the examined nationalities was a reliable relationship between 2D:4D ratio and gender-role orientation obtained. Right-hand 2D:4D ratio differed only between Swedish males and females indicating that nationality might effectively moderate the sexual dimorphism of 2D:4D ratio. Left-hand 2D:4D ratio was significantly lower in men than in women across all nationalities. Participants were 176 female and 171 male university students from Germany, Italy, Spain, and Sweden ranging in age from 19 to 32 years. ![]() The present study examines the moderating influence of nationality on the relationship between 2D:4D ratio and gender-role orientation, as assessed with the Bem Sex-Role Inventory, as a possible explanation for these inconsistencies. Recent studies on the relationship between 2D:4D ratio and gender-role orientation yielded rather inconsistent results. The ratio of second to fourth finger length (2D:4D ratio) is sexually dimorphic with women having higher 2D:4D ratio than men. ![]()
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